R-ECONOMY

Relevance. The global imperative for adopting a low-carbon economy resonates worldwide, yet comprehensive assessments specific to the Russian economy remain scant. This is especially important considering the significant differences in the level of transition to sustainable development among Russian regions. Research Objective. This study aims to introduce a robust methodology for evaluating and analyzing the international trade of low-carbon goods (LCGs) across various Russian regions and assessing its effects on fuel combustion emissions. Data and Methods. Data on LCGs trade were obtained from the Federal Customs Service of Russia. In conjunction, datasets from Rosstat and the Central Bank of Russia were incorporated for comprehensive econometric modeling. The analytical framework employed Tobit and quantile regressions. Results. The study uncovers significant disparities among Russian regions regarding the intensity of low-carbon goods exports and imports. This variation highlights the diverse competencies in LCGs production, as well as differing ecological agendas and consumption patterns across regions. Additionally, the research demonstrates that, although the widespread adoption of advanced production technologies is positively correlated with increased fuel combustion emissions, a U-shaped relationship exists where higher LCGs exports are associated with reductions in fuel combustion emissions across Russian regions to a certain degree. Conclusions. This research highlights important implications for both federal and regional industrial and environmental policies. It advocates for the development of targeted incentives that encourage the adoption of low-carbon goods (LCGs) and advanced technologies. By doing so, policymakers can effectively promote sustainable development tailored to the unique needs and conditions of various regions, thereby fostering ecological resilience and economic growth across diverse regional landscapes.

Relevance. In the pursuit of sustainable development, the circular economy takes precedence as a fundamental imperative for industrial transformation. The current trend in the development of the circular economy concept is to place the main focus on the technological support of circularization and the corresponding innovations in business models, while the decisive role people play in this model of economy is often overlooked. Individuals with specialized knowledge, skills, and values are essential for developing and implementing circular models, making effective management decisions, and promoting rational consumption patterns. The demand for circular skills and the availability of relevant competencies can significantly differ across regions, necessitating further in-depth study. Research objective. The paper is aimed at developing a new methodological approach to the study of circular economy skills at the regional level. This approach considers these skills in terms of both employer demand and their incorporation into master’s degree programs, accounting for regional specifics. Data and methods. The study employed a comprehensive approach, integrating theoretical methods with empirical analysis. Scientometric and content analysis identified taxonomies of circular economy skills, and employers’ personnel needs were examined through the analysis of the HeadHunter job site using Python software. Additionally, the study encompassed an analysis of educational programs from official websites of universities in southern Russian regions. Results. A new approach to the study of supply and demand of circular economy skills at the regional level has been proposed and tested. As a result, it was determined that there is a demand for sustainable development specialists in various industries in the Russian labor market, which varies across different regions of the country. The relevant skills are included in the master’s degree programs offered by universities. There is a need for greater involvement of regional authorities in shaping educational demands presented to universities, as this is essential for generating demand in the job market for the corresponding competencies. Conclusions. To better achieve targets in sustainable development and facilitate the transition to a circular economy, it is essential to promote a balanced development of all the relevant skills and behavioral patterns. To ensure this, it is important to involve regional authorities in shaping the demand for these skills.

Relevance. The digital economy and the digitalization of business and public administration are progressing rapidly in Russia. However, significant disparities in ICT access, usage, and outcomes between regions persist, potentially contributing to widening socio-economic inequalities. Research objective. This study aims to demonstrate that digital skills are a key factor in regional development. It tests the hypothesis that regions with disparities in Internet adoption and digital skills also experience disparities in regional development, as reflected in key socio-economic indicators. Additionally, the study analyzes the impact of digital skills on per capita income and unemployment. Data and methods. The study uses data from a sociological survey conducted by the Federal Statistics Service (Rosstat) and the Higher School of Economics to characterize the digital skills of the population. Principal component analysis is applied to construct a composite index, the Internet Adoption Index, which reflects both the accessibility and use of the Internet across Russian regions. This index, alongside digital skills data, is used to group regions. Two-sample t-tests for equal and unequal variances are employed for initial comparisons of regional indicators. In the second stage, regression analysis is used to test the hypothesis that without improved digital skills, access to ICT does not lead to higher personal income or lower unemployment. Results. The study reveals that only 12 out of the considered 83 Russian regions exhibit relatively high levels of Internet adoption and above-average digital skills. Despite well-developed infrastructure, many regions still have low levels of digital proficiency. The age and gender structure of the population have little impact on regional digital skills. However, regions with greater access to the Internet and higher digital skills show higher economic growth, higher incomes, and lower unemployment. Conclusion. The findings provide strong evidence that digital skills are closely linked to socio-economic development. The results highlight the importance of policies aimed at improving digital literacy, particularly as the digital economy continues to expand.