The progressing distribution of the electricity supply necessitates redesigning the mechanism for providing ancillary services particularly by the distribution grid. Methods of voltage regulation and congestion management particularly have to satisfy new standards since, although the development of renewables is increasing the number of resources with an impact, these resources’ individual contribution is comparatively slight. Taking the state-of-the-art and the basic regulatory conditions in Germany as a point of departure, this paper analyzes the requirements for algorithms and communication systems that provide distributed support to distribution grid operation. A novel mathematical method that prevents voltage range deviations and feeder overloads based on sensitivities is presented and validated in simulations by a case study. An analysis of the communications systems for monitoring and control technologies for distributed energy resources, including the available communication channels, serves as the basis for an evaluation of the suitability of current control mechanisms in the future. The findings of a live field test in a real 110 kV distribution grid corroborate the necessity for coordinated grid support by distributed energy resources and demonstrate the limits of current methods.
Идентификаторы и классификаторы
Electrical grids and distribution grids in particular are currently undergoing a transition. Distributed sources, flexible loads and (stationary and mobile) storage systems will affect their operation in the future [1]. The growing number of distributed energy resources [2] will be operated primarily based on market factors [3]. This is the case in Germany in particular. Resources will supply energy at times when it is not necessarily expedient in terms of benefit to the grid and sometimes even detrimental to grid stability [4]. Distribution grids will have to be made smarter [5] and be able to use distributed electricity generation, loads and storage systems optimally for the current grid situation [6]. Distribution grid control centers will have to coordinate optimal operation and the requisite data exchange between control centers and distributed resources will have to be integrated [7], [8]. Good observability of the distribution grid will also be essential.
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